EAA Directive: Accessibility requirements for products and services in the European Union

What?
In 2025, the European Accessibility Act (EAA) will come into effect, introducing new obligations regarding the digital accessibility of services and products in the world of e-commerce.

Why is this important?
The new regulations will force companies to adapt their online stores and digital services to the needs of people with disabilities, requiring specific technological and organizational changes.

Who is this information for?
For online store owners and managers, UX teams, developers, and all companies operating in digital sales within the European Union.

Background to the topic

The EAA Directive was adopted by the European Parliament in 2019, but its key provisions will enter into force in June 2025. This applies to websites, mobile applications, payment terminals, and online sales systems, among other things. These requirements are intended to ensure better accessibility for people with various disabilities—both physical and cognitive. The new regulations may require audits, redesigns, and changes to customer service processes.

Impact of the EAA Directive on businesses and consumers

The European Accessibility Act (EAA) , more commonly known as the EAA Directive, is not just another legislative document from Brussels. It sends a clear signal that the European Union is committed to equality, inclusiveness, and accessibility . The directive's main goal is to ensure that everyone – regardless of their ability – has equal access to products and services.

The new regulations are scheduled to enter into force on June 28, 2025. By that date, all EU member states must align their national regulations. This is not just a formality, but a real opportunity to improve the quality of life for millions of citizens . The directive aims to create a more open, friendly, and equitable environment—accessible to everyone.

At a time when equal opportunities and social inclusion are increasingly discussed, the EAA Directive takes on particular significance. It is not only a legal obligation but also a new standard for designing for all users .

For businesses, this presents both a challenge and an opportunity:

• Reaching new customer groups – including people with disabilities, seniors and time-constrained individuals.
• Building a strong and positive brand – companies that care about accessibility are perceived as modern and socially responsible.
• Development in the spirit of social responsibility – implementing available solutions is an investment in the future and sustainable development.
• Increased competitiveness – accessibility becomes a market advantage, not just a formal requirement.

And what about consumers? For them, the EAA Directive means greater independence, convenience, and a sense of being treated with respect —regardless of physical or technological limitations.

The question is, will Europe be ready for these changes in time? And will companies treat them as an unwanted obligation, or rather as an impetus for development, innovation, and real change ?

What is the EAA Directive and who does it apply to?

The European Accessibility Act (EAA) , or Directive (EU) 2019/882 of the European Parliament and of the Council, establishes common rules for the accessibility of products and services across the European Union. Its main goal is to facilitate the daily lives of people with disabilities and functional limitations . Importantly, these regulations cover both the public and private sectors.

In practice, this means that the new regulations have a broad scope and apply to many market participants – from manufacturers, importers, distributors, and service providers. Thanks to the implementation of the EAA, people with disabilities will gain equal access to many products and services . This is not just a formality – it is a real step towards social integration and equal opportunities.

Objectives and scope of the European Accessibility Act

The fundamental premise of the European Accessibility Act is to eliminate barriers that make it difficult for people with disabilities to use everyday technologies and services . The directive introduces uniform accessibility standards applicable across all EU member states.

For entrepreneurs, this primarily means simplified procedures – companies can offer their products and services across the EU market without having to adapt to various local regulations . This translates into:

• saving time and costs,
• easier access to new markets,
• increasing competitiveness,
• an impulse for the development of innovative solutions.

For example, a manufacturer of ATMs adapted to the needs of the blind can now more easily introduce them to markets in other EU countries. This presents a real opportunity for development and expansion .

Who does the new obligations under the EAA Directive cover?

The new regulations introduced by the EAA Directive apply to a wide range of economic entities, including:

• producers,
• importers,
• distributors,
• service providers offering products and services covered by the directive.

Accessibility requirements require that offerings be aligned with specific EU standards. This may include:

• modernization of production and service processes,
• implementation of new technologies supporting accessibility,
• training employees in serving people with disabilities,
• updating documentation and information materials.

While implementing these changes may involve additional costs and organizational effort, companies that approach the topic with commitment will gain a competitive advantage . They can not only attract new customers but also build a strong brand image as socially responsible and responsive to the needs of all users .

When does the EAA come into effect? 

The new European Accessibility Act will come into effect on June 28, 2025. By then, all regulated companies must adapt their products and services to the new requirements.

While 2025 may seem like a distant date, time for preparation is limited . If your company is just starting out in this area, this is the last chance to begin the adaptation process . Implementing changes can be time-consuming and require the involvement of multiple departments.

From the end of June 2025, all products and services offered on the EU market will have to meet specific accessibility standards . This is not only a legal obligation but also an opportunity for growth, gaining loyal customers, and building a brand that prioritizes inclusivity and social responsibility .

Accessibility requirements for products and services

The European Accessibility Act (EAA) Directive introduces uniform and detailed regulations aimed at ensuring equal access to products and services , regardless of the user's ability. These regulations cover, among other things, computers, payment terminals, e-books , and digital services such as e-commerce and retail banking.

Thanks to these regulations, people with disabilities gain equal access to modern technologies . This is not just a matter of equality—it's a step toward a more open and inclusive society , where everyone can actively participate in professional and social life.

What products are covered by the EAA Directive?

Products covered by EAA regulations include:

• computers,
• payment terminals,
• e-books,
• self-service check-in devices.

Each of these devices must meet specific accessibility standards . What does this mean in practice? For example:

A payment terminal should be capable of voice or touch , so that someone with limited vision can use it without any problems. This seemingly simple change, but for many users, it translates into a real improvement in quality of life .

It's also worth emphasizing that harmonizing requirements across the European Union presents a huge opportunity for manufacturers. Thanks to common standards, they can:

• introduce products to multiple markets without local modifications,
• reduce implementation costs,
• increase competitiveness,
• stimulate innovation in the technology sector.

EAA Services and Accessibility Requirements

The EAA Directive covers not only equipment but also a range of digital services , such as:

• e-commerce,
• retail banking,
• passenger transport.

This means that digital communication channels must be accessible to everyone . In practice, this means:

• websites,
• mobile applications,
• reservation systems

must be designed to work with assistive technologies . For example, a banking website should be fully compatible with screen readers , allowing a blind person to freely manage their finances.

This approach not only supports social integration but also presents a real business opportunity – companies can operate throughout the EU without having to comply with local regulations. Fewer barriers – more opportunities.

Designing user interfaces in accordance with EAA

Creating EAA-compliant interfaces isn't just about meeting legal requirements. It's also about designing intuitive, user-friendly, and accessible solutions for everyone, regardless of age, ability, or usage conditions.

Because users aren't just people with disabilities. They also include:

• seniors,
• people with time constraints,
• users using devices in difficult conditions – e.g. in full sunlight or noise.

Therefore, interfaces should be:

• legible – thanks to large fonts and contrasting colors,
• easy to use – intuitive and logical,
• adapted – containing alternative graphic descriptions.

Importantly, this approach often leads to innovative solutions . Designers must think outside the box, creating universal interfaces that ultimately improve the user experience for all users .

Safeguard clauses and exceptions to EAA requirements

The EAA Directive also provides for exemptions from certain requirements. So-called safeguard clauses allow companies to opt out of implementing certain standards if meeting them would impose an financial, technological, or organizational burden

Sounds reasonable? Yes, but it doesn't work automatically . The entrepreneur must prove that implementing the requirements is too difficult , taking into account:

• scale of operations,
• available resources,
• level of technological development.

This solution aims to maintain a balance between the need to ensure accessibility and the real capabilities of companies, especially smaller ones. The goal is to ensure that no one is left behind – neither users nor entrepreneurs.

Universal design as the foundation of accessibility

Universal design is an approach that aims to create products and services accessible to the widest possible audience—regardless of age, ability level, or user experience. It's not only an ambitious idea, but above all, a way to ensure everyone feels noticed and included.

In the context of the European Accessibility Act (EAA) , universal design is no longer just good practice—it's becoming a requirement. And rightly so! Accessibility should be the starting point of every project—from the first sketch to the final product . It's not only a way to meet legal requirements, but also a real step towards equality, inclusion, and social responsibility.

Principles of Universal Design in the context of EAA

In light of EAA, the principles of universal design take on a new dimension. The diverse needs of users must be taken into account at the concept stage:

• people with disabilities,
• elderly people,
• users using technology in unusual conditions – e.g. in motion, in noise, in full sunlight.

An example? A mobile app designed with visually impaired users in mind . Thanks to sharp contrasts and a simplified interface, it's also more comfortable for those viewing outdoors, in bright light. And that's precisely the point – universal design enhances functionality and inspires the creation of solutions that serve everyone , without exception.

The Role of Universal Design in Meeting EAA Requirements

Universal design is an effective way to meet accessibility requirements under the EAA , but it's also a well-thought-out business strategy. Companies that implement these principles:

• operate in accordance with the law,
• gain a real competitive advantage on the European market,
• build user trust and loyalty,
• strengthen the brand's reputation.

It's a decision that pays off—both visually and financially . Universal design isn't just about compliance with regulations. It's an expression of user care and social responsibility, which translates into tangible business benefits.

Implementation of the EAA Directive in Poland

Implementing the EAA Directive in Poland is not only an obligation arising from EU law, but above all, an opportunity to create a more accessible environment for all citizens, including people with disabilities. The goal is to align Polish law with European standards promoting equality and inclusiveness.

It's also a boost for businesses to capitalize on new opportunities in the EU market. Companies that take action now gain an advantage —not only in terms of image but also in business. Benefits include:

• A stronger position on the market – thanks to meeting accessibility requirements.
• Greater customer trust – consumers are increasingly choosing responsible brands.
• Building the image of a socially responsible company – which has a real impact on customer loyalty and competitiveness.

Act implementing the EAA Directive into national law

The EAA Directive was implemented in Poland through the Act on Ensuring Compliance with Accessibility Requirements for Certain Products and Services by Business Entities . Although it sounds official, it is a significant document – ​​it introduces significant changes to the way businesses operate .

The act will enter into force on June 28, 2025 , and will become the foundation of the national system for adapting to EU regulations. What does this mean in practice? Businesses will be required to take action in numerous areas:

• Adaptation of websites and mobile applications – in accordance with the principles of digital accessibility.
• Modernizing physical products – so that they are accessible to people with different needs.
• Staff training – in the field of serving customers with disabilities.
• Implementation of procedures in line with new regulations – including documentation and reporting.

While this may mean additional costs, it's worth viewing it as an investment that pays off . Companies offering available solutions:

• They gain an advantage in tenders – especially those financed from public or EU funds.
• They build customer loyalty – who appreciate inclusiveness and responsibility.
• They create a modern image – consistent with the social values ​​of the 21st century.

Related legal acts and their importance for entrepreneurs

One of the key documents supporting the implementation of the EAA Directive in Poland is the draft bill UC119 . Included in the government's legislative agenda, it aims to fully align national regulations with EU requirements . This is not just a formality – it is a necessary condition for Poland to fully participate in the European single market .

This sends a clear message to entrepreneurs: they need to stay up-to-date with regulations . Adapting to new regulations is no longer a choice, but a necessity. For smaller companies, especially, this can be a challenge, but also an opportunity for growth and innovation .

Companies that are already investing in accessibility:

• They win international tenders – thanks to meeting European standards.
• They gain the loyalty of customers – who increasingly choose inclusive brands.
• They build a competitive advantage – where others are just starting to operate.

Accessibility is not just an obligation – it is a strategy for development and building lasting brand value.

Training and consulting projects in the area of ​​accessibility

In the face of growing legal requirements, companies must adapt their products and services to the standards of the EAA Directive . This is not only a regulatory obligation but also a real opportunity for development and gaining a competitive advantage . In response to these needs, specialized training and consulting projects have been developed to support companies in the practical implementation of the regulations.

These projects offer not only theoretical knowledge, but above all specific tools, ready-made strategies and expert support that can be implemented immediately – without unnecessary delay.

The "EAA Accessibility Directive" call for proposals provides funding for accessibility-related initiatives . This provides not only financial support but also a stimulus for action . Thanks to this, entrepreneurs can benefit from professional training and consulting, better understand the EAA requirements, and effectively implement them. The result is greater competitiveness, a better image, and participation in building a more open society .

Track 1 and Track 2 training projects

Training programmes implemented under the EAA Directive have been divided into two tracks, which allows the level of support to be adapted to the level of advancement of participants.

Track 1 is for individuals and companies just beginning their accessibility journey. Participants receive:

• Recruitment process – enabling matching participants to the appropriate level of support,
• General and specialized training – introducing the topic of accessibility,
• Consulting – expert assistance in implementing available solutions.

This is a solid base of knowledge and practice for those who need a foundation to effectively begin accessibility initiatives.

Track 2 is aimed at experienced participants who want to develop their skills to a higher level. It offers:

• Advanced specialist training – deepening knowledge and skills,
• Individual advice – tailored to the specific needs of the company,
• Possibility of further development of competences – in the implementation of available solutions.

Participation in the project " Accessibility as a development opportunity 3 " qualifies for this path, which is an additional motivation for companies wanting to operate even more effectively .

Access criteria and beneficiary eligibility

Planning to participate in projects under the EAA Directive ? Before submitting your application, check whether you meet the required criteria. The following criteria are assessed:

• Applicant's experience in implementing similar activities,
• Human resources and organizational resources – necessary to implement the project,
• Economic and technical potential – enabling effective operation.

This approach ensures that support reaches companies ready to implement accessibility standards effectively . This isn't just a formality—it's a mechanism for selecting the most committed and prepared beneficiaries .

Meeting these conditions paves the way for funding and participation in EAA projects . This, in turn, means not only compliance with regulations but also opportunities for development, innovation, and greater flexibility in the dynamically changing business world .

De minimis aid under EAA projects

One of the key elements of support for projects related to the EAA Directive is de minimis aid – a form of financial support that is particularly important for small and medium-sized enterprises . It helps cover the costs associated with adapting products and services to accessibility requirements.

This assistance is available to companies that meet specific criteria and is part of a broader strategy to support the practical implementation of EAA. This includes not only meeting legal obligations but also:

• Strengthening the company's position on the market,
• Better adaptation to customer needs,
• Greater openness and innovation.

In a world where customer expectations are rising and regulations are becoming more and more demanding, it is worth asking ourselves: what else can we do to support companies in creating accessible, user-friendly solutions?

One thing is certain – accessibility isn't a passing trend. It's the direction the future is heading .

European Funds for Social Development (FERS)

European Funds for Social Development (FERS) is a key support instrument for companies seeking to comply with the requirements of the European Accessibility Act (EAA) . This program funds activities that increase the accessibility of products and services, which translates not only into compliance with regulations but, above all, into greater social inclusion for people with disabilities .

In practice, FERS enables entrepreneurs to obtain funding for EAA-compliant projects . This means they can invest in:

• modern technologies supporting accessibility,
• accessibility training for employees,
• modernization of physical and digital infrastructure,
• implementing WCAG-compliant digital solutions.

For example, a digital services company could finance the redesign of its website to make it fully accessible to people with visual impairments. This is just one of many possible scenarios. FERS paves the way for innovations that truly impact the daily lives of millions of Poles .

The role of PARP in the implementation of EAA projects

The Polish Agency for Enterprise Development (PARP) plays a key role in implementing projects supporting the implementation of the EAA Directive. As a public institution, PARP:

• organizes calls for applications for funding,
• manages the implementation of projects financed by FERS,
• combines EU funds with the specific needs of entrepreneurs.

Moreover, PARP offers consulting and training to help companies understand and effectively implement EAA requirements. This allows entrepreneurs to:

• gain access to expert knowledge,
• use practical implementation tools,
• receive support at every stage of project implementation.

PARP not only finances, but also educates and supports . It's worth asking: what new forms of support could further accelerate the accessibility transformation in Polish companies?

SOWA EFS and CST2021 systems in project management

Modern IT systems , such as CST2021 play a crucial role in implementing EAA-compliant projects . This advanced administrative tool enables:

• submitting payment applications,
• project documentation management,
• monitoring the progress of project implementation.

For entrepreneurs, this means greater transparency, control, and efficiency . The CST2021 system:

• simplifies administrative formalities,
• supports project compliance with EAA regulations,
• enables better planning and cost optimization,
• minimizes the risk of procedural errors.

Technology is becoming an essential element in implementing accessibility . It's worth considering: what other digital tools could further streamline this process?

FERS Monitoring Committee and Project Approval

The European Funds for Social Development Monitoring Committee (FERS) is the body that evaluates and approves projects related to the EAA Directive. Its task is to verify whether a given project:

• meets accessibility requirements,
• complies with EU standards,
• may be covered by FERS funding.

The Committee's decisions directly impact which initiatives will be implemented and what changes will be experienced by end users. Furthermore, the Committee can:

• set strategic directions for development,
• promote innovative approaches to accessibility,
• initiate new forms of support for entrepreneurs.

The Monitoring Committee is not only a supervisory body but also a driver of change . The question is: what strategies could it adopt to more effectively support the development of accessibility in Poland?

Links to the Accessibility Plus program

The European Accessibility Act (EAA) does not operate in isolation. Its effectiveness depends on collaboration with other initiatives that together build the foundations of a more open and equal society. One key piece of this puzzle is the Accessibility Plus —a pillar of the national strategy for equal access to public spaces, services, and technologies.

Like the EAA, the Accessibility Plus focuses on eliminating barriers that limit people with disabilities from fully participating in social, educational, and professional life . Both initiatives complement each other, creating a coherent and multidimensional support system.

Thanks to this synergy, it is possible to more effectively implement available solutions in various areas of public life, such as:

• public transport – e.g. low-floor buses, voice information systems,
• architecture – barrier-free buildings, elevators, ramps,
• digital services – websites and applications compliant with WCAG standards.

For example, the introduction of accessible solutions in public transport can be simultaneously supported by EAA regulations and financed by the Accessibility Plus program. This demonstrates the importance of cooperation between various initiatives.

It's worth asking: are there other programs or strategies that, when combined with EAA, could further enhance its effectiveness? The more synergies there are, the greater the chance for real, lasting social change.

The importance of the Public Procurement Law in the context of public procurement

In the area of ​​public procurement, the Public Procurement Law (PPL) plays a key role in implementing the European Accessibility Act. It obliges public institutions to consider accessibility criteria when purchasing goods and services .

This translates into tangible changes in the daily lives of citizens, especially those with disabilities. Thanks to the Public Procurement Law:

• products and services offered by the public sector must meet certain accessibility standards,
• companies that adapt their offers to these requirements gain a competitive advantage ,
• public procurement is becoming a tool for promoting innovative and inclusive solutions ,
• the public sector can act as a role model for other entities.

The Public Procurement Law is not just a set of regulations – it is a real lever of change that can shape the market towards greater accessibility and equality.

It's worth considering what additional mechanisms, regulations, or incentives could further strengthen public procurement's role as a tool for supporting accessibility. The potential is enormous—it just needs to be harnessed wisely.

Procedure for assessing the conformity of products and services

Implementing the European Accessibility Act (EAA) requires not only knowledge of the regulations but, above all, the ability to apply them in practice. A key element of this process is the conformity assessment procedure , which provides the foundation for ensuring that products and services offered meet the new accessibility standards.

This isn't just a formality—it's a real action that guarantees accessibility for all users, including people with disabilities . This procedure is a step towards a more open and equal market in which everyone—regardless of their limitations—can actively participate. This is a significant change .

Adapting e-commerce and digital services to EAA requirements

In the age of digitalization, accessibility in e-commerce and online services has become an essential element of running a business. For your company to compete effectively in the market, it must offer user-friendly solutions for every user—regardless of their physical or cognitive abilities.

Meeting EAA requirements is not only a legal obligation, but also an opportunity for development and building a competitive advantage . Why is it worth it?

• Reaching a wider range of customers – including people with disabilities, seniors and users with time constraints.
• Building loyalty – users who feel noticed and understood are more likely to return.
• Strengthening the brand image – a company perceived as socially responsible gains trust and reputation.

For example, an online store that allows keyboard navigation and offers alternative photo descriptions becomes accessible to people previously excluded from online shopping. Such initiatives not only increase accessibility but also demonstrate that the brand genuinely cares about its customers . And this translates into results.

Business benefits of implementing EAA

Implementing EAA not only meets legal requirements, but also offers real business benefits that can significantly impact a company's growth. Here are the most important ones:

• Innovation – designing with different users in mind helps create more intuitive and functional solutions.
• New customer groups – accessibility opens the door to people with disabilities, seniors and users with time constraints.
• Image enhancement – ​​a company compliant with the EAA is perceived as modern, responsible and socially engaged.
• Competitive advantage – EAA compliance can increase market value and differentiate your company from the competition.

A real-life example? A bank that implemented a mobile app with a read-aloud function gained the loyalty of visually impaired customers. This is not only an expression of concern for accessibility but also a well-thought-out business decision .

So it's worth asking yourself: is investing in accessibility a cost or a strategic step toward the future? The answer could determine the direction your company takes.

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